منابع مشابه
Local Optionality
A phonological or morphophonological process is optional if it need not apply to every instance of its structural description. For example, French has an optional process that deletes schwa in the context V(#)C___ (Dell 1970). Application of this process to an input such as /a !vi#d!#t!#bat"/ (tu as) envie de te battre ‘(you) feel like fighting’ results in three outputs: a !vidt!bat" (deletion ...
متن کاملOptionality in evaluating prosody prediction
This paper concerns the evaluation of prosody prediction at the symbolic level, in particular the locations of pitch accents and intonational boundaries. One evaluation method is to ask an expert to annotate text prosodically, and to compare the system’s predictions with this reference. However, this ignores the issue of optionality: there is usually more than one acceptable way to place accent...
متن کاملLearning Optionality and Repetition
Adjuncts are syntactic elements that are optional, transparent to selection, and often, though not always, repeatable. Classic examples are adjectives and adverbs. How do learners learn optionaility? How do they learn repeatability? I explore a variety of learners’ approaches to optionality and repeatability, including both human learners and learning algorithms. Mathematically, a learner is a ...
متن کاملOptionality in Optimality-Theoretic Syntax
Pre-theoretically, we can conceive of syntactic optionality as a name for a situation in which different ways of saying what seems to be the same thing show a clear correspondence in form. Such a situation may or may not be problematic for a given syntactic theory. Classic transformational grammar of the sixties acknowledges syntactic optionality by introducing a distinction between obligatory ...
متن کاملArgument Optionality in the LinGO Grammar Matrix
We present a library of implemented HPSG analyses for argument optionality based on typological studies of this phenomenon in the world’s languages, developed in the context of a grammar customization system that pairs a crosslinguistic core grammar with extensions for non-universal phenomena on the basis of user input of typological properties. Our analyses are compatible with multiple interse...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Asian Social Science
سال: 2014
ISSN: 1911-2025,1911-2017
DOI: 10.5539/ass.v10n20p148